Vitamins are essential organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts to function properly. Learn about each vitamin's role in your child's health.
Vitamin A (Retinol)
Key Functions:
- Vision health and night vision
- Immune system function
- Skin and mucous membrane health
- Growth and development
- Reproduction and cellular communication
Sources: Sweet potatoes, carrots, spinach, liver, eggs, dairy products
Deficiency symptoms: Night blindness, dry eyes, increased infections, dry skin
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Key Functions:
- Energy metabolism from carbohydrates
- Nerve function and signal transmission
- Muscle function
- Heart health
Sources: Whole grains, pork, legumes, nuts, seeds
Deficiency symptoms: Fatigue, irritability, muscle weakness, nerve damage
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Key Functions:
- Energy production
- Cellular function and growth
- Red blood cell production
- Antioxidant activity
- Vision health
Sources: Dairy products, eggs, lean meats, green vegetables, fortified cereals
Deficiency symptoms: Sore throat, cracked lips, skin disorders, anemia
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Key Functions:
- Energy metabolism
- DNA repair and production
- Cholesterol metabolism
- Nervous system function
- Skin health
Sources: Poultry, fish, peanuts, whole grains, mushrooms
Deficiency symptoms: Digestive issues, skin problems, cognitive decline, fatigue
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)
Key Functions:
- Energy metabolism
- Hormone production
- Cholesterol synthesis
- Neurotransmitter production
- Wound healing
Sources: Chicken, beef, potatoes, oats, tomatoes, broccoli
Deficiency symptoms: Fatigue, irritability, numbness, muscle cramps
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Key Functions:
- Protein metabolism
- Cognitive development
- Immune function
- Hemoglobin production
- Neurotransmitter synthesis
Sources: Poultry, fish, potatoes, chickpeas, bananas
Deficiency symptoms: Anemia, depression, confusion, weakened immunity
Vitamin B7 (Biotin)
Key Functions:
- Metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins
- Healthy hair, skin, and nails
- Gene expression regulation
- Nervous system health
Sources: Eggs, almonds, spinach, sweet potatoes, liver
Deficiency symptoms: Hair loss, skin rashes, brittle nails, fatigue
Vitamin B9 (Folate/Folic Acid)
Key Functions:
- DNA synthesis and repair
- Cell division and growth
- Red blood cell formation
- Amino acid metabolism
- Neural tube development in pregnancy
Sources: Leafy greens, legumes, fortified grains, citrus fruits
Deficiency symptoms: Anemia, fatigue, poor growth, birth defects
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
Key Functions:
- Red blood cell formation
- Nerve function and myelination
- DNA synthesis
- Energy metabolism
- Brain health
Sources: Meat, fish, poultry, eggs, dairy, fortified foods
Deficiency symptoms: Anemia, fatigue, nerve damage, cognitive issues
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
Key Functions:
- Immune system support
- Collagen synthesis
- Iron absorption enhancement
- Antioxidant protection
- Wound healing
Sources: Citrus fruits, berries, peppers, broccoli, tomatoes
Deficiency symptoms: Scurvy, poor wound healing, weakened immunity
Vitamin D (Calciferol)
Key Functions:
- Calcium absorption and bone health
- Immune system regulation
- Muscle function
- Cell growth regulation
- Mood and mental health
Sources: Sunlight, fatty fish, fortified dairy, egg yolks
Deficiency symptoms: Rickets, bone pain, muscle weakness, increased infections
Vitamin E (Tocopherol)
Key Functions:
- Powerful antioxidant
- Immune function support
- Cell membrane protection
- Blood vessel health
- Skin health
Sources: Nuts, seeds, vegetable oils, leafy greens
Deficiency symptoms: Nerve damage, muscle weakness, vision problems
Vitamin K
Key Functions:
- Blood clotting
- Bone metabolism and strength
- Heart health
- Wound healing
- Calcium regulation
Sources: Leafy greens, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, fermented foods
Deficiency symptoms: Easy bruising, excessive bleeding, weak bones